关于dare用法的疑点解答
更新时间:2013-11-24
张教员
在我们的中学英语中就已经出现了dare的用法,作为一个既能作情态动词,又能作实意动词并且在两种情况此词意又相同的这么一个词,它经常会使我们想表达同一个意思的时候却选错了表达。因此我们有必要就这一词的用法及特殊点做一些分析。
①dare的基本用法特点
dare可用作实意动词和情态动词。
(1)用作情态动词时,意思是“敢”,其后接动词原形,通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及if或whether之后,一般不用于肯定句。
例如:
Dare you tell her the truth?
I don’t know whether he dare try.
I daren’t ask her for a rise.
Dare you go home alone?
Tom dare not gosintosthe haunted house.
How dare you say such a thing to your father!
I won't allow you to swim across the river, even if you dare do it. The current is too swift.
【注意】I dare say 是习惯说法(用于肯定句),并不一定要译为“我敢说”,它所表示的是一种不肯定的语气,常译为“很可能”、“大概”、“我想”等,有时用作反语:
I dare say (that) you are right. 我想你是对的。
Oh, you mean to win? I dare say you will. 啊,你想打赢? 我且看你赢吧。
(2) dare用作实意动词时意为“敢于”,可以有各种词形变化,可用于各类句型(肯定句、否定句、疑问句及各类从句等),其后多接带 to 的不定式,有时 to 也可省去(尤其是在否定句或疑问句),可用于非谓语形式,完成时态等。
例如:
We must dare to think, speak and act.
I wonder how he dares (to) say such things.
Did he dare (to) tell her?
We don’t dare (to) say anything.
The boy stood before the teacher, not daring to look up.
I’ve never dared (to) ask her.
②关于dare的过去式问题
情态动词dare可以有过去式dared,但也可以直接用dare表示过去式,或后接动词完成式。
例如:
That was why he dared do so.
Mother dare(d) not tell father she’d given away his old jacket.
I didn’t like their new house though I daren’t have said so.
I daren’t have done it yesterday.but I think I dare now.
【注意】dare后通常不接动词的进行式。
其实,无论在口语还是在写作上,如果能够用好dare这个词,它都会给我们的口头和书面语言增加闪光点的,希望同学们能够在日常英语语言的运用中掌握好它!
2013年11月24日