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介词用法

介词用法

更新时间:2013-09-06 张教员

                                                            介词用法
※一. in,on,to在方位名词前的区别
1. in表示A地在B地范围之内。   
.如:Taiwan is in the southeast of China.
2. on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻。 
如:North Korea is on the east of China.
3.to表示A地与B地不接壤、毗邻。如:Japan is to the east of China
※二. at, in, on在表示时间上的区别
1. at指时间表示:
(1)时间的一点、时刻等。如:They came home at sunrise(at noon, at midnight, at ten o’clock, at daybreak, at dawn).
(2)较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。如:He went home at Christmas(at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night).
2. in指时间表示:
(1)在某个较长的时间(如世纪、朝代、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等)内。如:in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in the evening, etc
(2)在一段时间之后。一般情况下,用于将来时,谓语动词为瞬间动词,意为“在……以后”。如:He will arrive in two hours.谓语动词为延续性动词时,in意为“在……以内”。
注意:after用于将来时间也指一段时间之后,但其后的时间是“一点”,而不是“一段”。
如:He will arrive after two o’clock.
3. on指时间表示:
(1)具体的时日和一个特定的时间,如某日、某节日、星期几等。
如:     On Christmas Day(On May 4th), there will be a celebration.
(2)在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。如: He arrived at 10 o’clock on the night of the 5th.(3)on time准时,按时。如 If the train should be on time, I should reach home before dark.
※三. at, in和on表示地点时的区别
1. at表示地点:
(1)用于指较小的地方。如:I shall wait for you at the station.
(2)用于门牌号码前。如:He lives at 115 Zhongshan Road.
2. in表示地点:
(1)用于指较大的地方。如:He lives in Shanghai.
(2)虽然是很小的地方,如果说话人住在那里,也可用in。商店、学校、机关等,若看作一个地点(point)用at,若看作一个场所(place)用in。如: I met him at the post office. I’m now working in the post-office.
3. on表示地点,一般指与面或线接触,意为“在……上;在……旁”。如: The
picture was hanging on the wall. New York is on the Hudson River.
介词的练习
(  ) 1. Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays.    
 A. on; on     B. at; on     C. in; in     D. in; on
(  ) 2.----There is nothing ____tomorrow afternoon, is there?    
        ----No. We can have a game of table tennis.     A. on        B. in        C. out       D. up(  ) 3. A lot of students in our school were born____March, 1981.   
   A. in     B. at        C. on        D. since
(  ) 4. He suddenly returned____ a rainy night.     A. on       B. at        C. in         D. during(  ) 5. My grandfather was born____Oct. 10, 1935.     A. on      B. in        C. at         D. of(  ) 6. The train is starting___five minutes.A. in      B. at        C. for         D.still